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>> 1.6 Restructuring of China's Mineral Industry
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1.6.5 Reform of the Administration System of the Exploration and Mining Rights
(www.chinamining.org)
Updated:
2006-09-19 15:21
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Prior to the reform and opening-up, China used to exercise a system of unpaid acquisition of the exploration and mining rights, including unpaid use of geological exploration data and unpaid development of mineral resources, which was unable to achieve a good circulation of the mineral exploration and development compensation mechanisms, caused serious waste and damage of resources in mining activities and often led to disputes about the attribution of these rights, thus bringing an unfavorable effect on the sustainable development of the mineral industry. After China's reform and opening-up, along with the development of the market economy and the deepening of economic restructuring, a breakthrough progress was scored in the reform of China's administration system of the exploration and mining rights. In accordance with the requirement of establishing a socialist market economy system and on the basis of a conciencious summarization of the development practice and administration experience of China's mineral industry, the State Council passed and promulgated a series of rules and regulations and thus established a paid acquisition and lawful transfer system of mineral exploration and mining rights, reformed the examination and approval rules on the exploitation of mineral resources, practised a system of issuing prospecting and mining licenses, defined the attribution to the property rights of the exploration and mining rights, formed an exclusive principle that the exploration right holders have the priority to acquire the mining rights and their mining limits, and formulated a principled stipulation on the transfer of the exploration and mining rights in the market. The implementation of the system of paid acquisition and lawful transfer of these rights has enabled the State to attain the property rights and interests of its ownership over mineral resources and played a positive role in enhancing the exploration and mining rights holders' conciousness of treasuring mineral resources, strengthening the operation and management of mines, raising mine enterprises' level of rational development and utilization of resources, minimizing the waste of resources and reducing disputes on the attribution of the rights, and achieving a fundamental improvement of the order in the mineral industry, and therefore is of important significance to attaining the sustainable development of China's mineral industry and providing a resources guarantee for the national economic construction.
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